LAN WDM Mux Demux
Overview
In 5G networks there is a need to transport multiple 25G Ethernet services. A first choice would be using DWDM technology which would give a high channel count, but the chromatic dispersion will limit the bridgeable distance to about 10km. dispersion compensation and amplifiers will typically be required, which will drive up the cost and complexity.
The option is to use LANWDM channels that operate in the 1300nm region where the dispersion properties are the lowest for standard single-mode fiber. As an example, this enables longer distances up to 30km for 25G Ethernet services without need for amplifiers or dispersion compensation.
Normally we talk about two types of wavelength multiplexing technologies: CWDM and DWDM. However, recently a new band has emerged in the 1300nm region, called LANWDM. Four LANWDM channels are used as lane wavelengths for the 4x 25Gbps signals in e.g. 100GBASE-LR4 interfaces. These LANWDM channels have been extended to eight channels and can be found in SFP28 transceivers for 25G Ethernet and CPRI signals in 5G networks. The main reason is to benefit from the zero-dispersion region of the SM-fiber. The number of LANWDM used channels is currently eight, but additional are being defined in the industry.